What type of gene is involved in controlling the expression of one or more other genes?

The regulatory gene plays a critical role in controlling the expression of one or more other genes within an organism. These genes produce proteins, such as transcription factors, that can enhance or inhibit the transcription of target genes. By binding to specific sequences in the promoter or enhancer regions of these target genes, regulatory genes help to determine when, where, and how much a gene is expressed, thereby influencing an organism's developmental and physiological processes.

In contrast, structural genes are responsible for coding the actual proteins that go on to perform specific functions within the cell or organism. Mutator genes are involved in increasing the mutation rate within DNA, while carrier genes typically refer to genes that can carry alleles for specific traits. Each of these plays a distinct role in genetics that does not encompass the function of controlling gene expression like regulatory genes do.